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Mostly color perception

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The Internet is an amalgam of forms blurred under epistemological pressures. In Søren Kierkegaard’s words, under this flat shower of leveled information, where everybody is interested in everything and nothing is too trivial or too important, people just accumulate information and postpone decisions indefinitely, i.e., nobody takes action and nobody is responsible for truth — there is no mastery, just gossip. He called this the æsthetic sphere of existence, exhorting us to evolve to the ethical sphere, where we do not just accumulate information but take action and make commitments. Blogs are instruments to overcome flatness by creating opportunities for vertical activities. In this sense this blog is a view from my window — a collection of tidbits I judged relevant to computational color science and in general to the promotion of scientific excellence in areas of strategic importance for the future of research, economy and society.
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» ISCC/IS&T "Black and White" Meeting, Nov 2008

ISCC/IS&T 2008 Special Topics Meeting,
“Black and White Conference”
Saturday, November 15, 2008

The Black and White Conference will follow the 2008 IS&T/SID Color Imaging Conference with a program devoted to the special challenges and solutions for black and white, two of the most important properties of a colored image. Evidence of recent interest in the blackness and whiteness of images and objects are the IDEAlliance Print Properties subcommittee on paper characterization, the SIS (Swedish Standards Institute) Workshop on the optical properties of paper, CIE Publication 163 on the Effect of Fluorescence in the Characterization of Imaging Media, and papers at recent Color Imaging Conferences.

Key topics at the meeting will include the measurement of white materials, three-color overprints versus true black, the impact of novel light sources on the rendition of colored images, very black materials, strategies for assessing black and white objects, and blackness preference.

The meeting is scheduled for Saturday, November 15, following Color Imaging Conference 16 in Portland, Oregon. Please submit abstracts to Ann Laidlaw at alaidlaw-at-xrite-dot-com.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Wednesday, May 14, 2008 at 2:16:00 PM
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» World Wide Gamma

An experimental tool post to crowdsource the average 'gamma value' for the world wide web. To learn more about gamma you can read the FAQ and also the FQA by Charles Poynton.

Instructions
1. Use '+' and '-' buttons to make the corresponding patches above the buttons lighter or darker.
2. Create a visually equal spaced gray ramp from black on the left to white on the right. That is the jumps in lightness between neighbors should be roughly equal and the ramp should be getting progressively lighter.
3. Click on the 'Plot' button to see your results(black) plotted versus the world wide gamma(red).


Note that users of older versions of Safari (ie 1.3.2) have reported that this post is not interactive, but it has been tested with newer versions of Safari (ie 3.1.1) and the post is functional.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Friday, May 09, 2008 at 7:25:00 PM
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» The mistery of stable images

We know optically the eye is like a simple meniscus camera that projects an image onto the retina. We also know that on the cortex there is a holomorphic map of the visual field. However we know very little of what happens in between. For example, in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) there are seven layers, and if we stick a toothpick in a point like in a club sandwich, the layers are geometrically aligned.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Tuesday, April 29, 2008 at 5:52:00 PM
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» CIC16 Submissions Due April 13


Conference Overview
We are delighted to invite you to the sixteenth Color Imaging Conference in Portland, Oregon. This will be the first time this conference has been held in the Pacific northwest and we anticipate another strong program of tutorials and papers in all areas of color imaging.

Author Reminder
For those of you out there considering submitting a paper to CIC 16, please keep in mind the author instructions here and the April 13th submission deadline.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Thursday, April 03, 2008 at 5:26:00 PM
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» Administrative note and color lawsuits

First an administrative note. Most feedback we get from you, our esteemed readers, is in the form of personal email. Only rarely are we able to generate sufficient controversy to spark a debate in the blog comment section, such as with Non-local realism, An On-Line Color Thesaurus, or yesterday's Revolutionary White Reflectance Standard for Metrology. Therefore, we are happy for every good comment we get. However, as you are aware our blog server is rather crafty, and it is difficult for us to find comments when you replace the post title with your own title. This summer HP will be upgrading to commercial blogging software and this blog will run smoother, hopefully even multilingually. In the meantime here is my answer to a comment on color lawsuits I was unable to locate.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Wednesday, April 02, 2008 at 4:57:00 PM
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» Navy Blue is the New Salmon

Navy blue is the new salmon - at least for delicious.

Last week Bernard Kerr and Joshua Schachter of Yahoo! del.icio.us gave a presentation (video to be posted here) about 'Making delicious tastier' or a preview of a 'more web 2.0' version of del.icio.us. Once again as a color guy I latched on to the color changes first - the salmon highlight color for the 'saved by' field is on its way out and a blue highlight will be it's replacement.


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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Tuesday, March 18, 2008 at 5:56:00 PM
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» A Visual Introduction to Mostly Color Perception

A purely visual meta-post or blognails that covers some of the posts from the past few months of Mostly Color Perception.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Wednesday, March 05, 2008 at 9:05:00 PM
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» An Online Color Naming Experiment

As part two in a series (part one is here) about the online color thesaurus and the interactive color zeigeist, we should go back over five years to the original online color naming experiment. This simple experiment dates back to the almost web 1.0 days of 2002 and was an unconstrained color naming experiment in English. This was one of the first web-based visual experiments that we tried and given the large number of carefully controlled laboratory studies on the topic of color naming, it seemed like a good place to start. I did decide up front to try to avoid the whole universalist versus relativist debate.


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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Tuesday, March 04, 2008 at 9:27:00 PM
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» Names vs. Numbers

By way of some background to the color thesaurus and the color zeigeist, I think it is interesting to do a quick visual example demonstrating the difference between using names versus numbers for color.


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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Friday, February 29, 2008 at 8:15:00 PM
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» Bay Area SID Presentation on New CIE Cone Photoreceptor Fundamentals

An upcoming Bay Area SID presentation of interest to color and imaging fans. Mark your calendar.

Title: "The New CIE Color Space Based upon the Cone Photoreceptor Fundamentals"

By: James Larimer, PhD, ImageMetrics, LLC

Location: Singapore conference room of Apple Computer at 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, CA 95014

When: 6:00PM, 03/06/2008, Thursday

Map: Here

Abstract:

In 2006 the CIE published a new color space standard based upon the cone photoreceptor fundamentals. This talk will describe those basis functions, a brief history from Newton through Maxwell leading to the new color space, and the additional published norms or correction factors included in the standard for age related changes in optical densities of the lens and other ocular media. The lecture will end with a discussion of multiple primary displays, metamerism, and the future potential for displays to reconstruct power spectra isometrically yielding true color images. (See Brill, M.H., Larimer, J. (2007) Metamerism and Multi-Primary Displays. Information Display, 23/7, 16-21.)

Speaker Bio:

Dr. Larimer is President of ImageMetrics, LLC. ImageMetrics provides engineering services related to the selection of task specific displays, mitigation of signal capture and processing artifacts such as jaggies, judder, and tone scale banding, and engineering issues related to color. Dr. Larimer has been a university professor and department chairmen, a program director at the National Science Foundation, and recently retired as Senior Scientist from NASA's Ames Research Center. He has held every office in the Bay Area Chapter of the SID, and served as SID VP for the Americas. He is an Associate Editor of JSID and Co-chair of the IS&T/SID 2008 Color Conference.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Tuesday, February 26, 2008 at 7:49:00 PM
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» mbogBMCOGKYF Printing

Chuck Close has long been a fine artist that I've appreciated and enjoyed. His work often strikes me as having an unusually high level of technical proficiency. His giant portraits created with multi-colored or multi-toned grids of nested forms shows the principles of additive color mixing perfectly and are striking and unique pieces. His life and works have been previously covered in a radio interview from 2004. Now the GTD crowd can hear this interview and think process, persistence and productivity given adversity. In comparison a color scientist can hear it, poke around his web site some and think: yowza he does all this and 12-color separations, too!

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Wednesday, February 13, 2008 at 3:23:00 PM
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» Carved Magnolia Leaves


Electronic Imaging 2008 is coming up soon and that means I'm hard at work completing my paper for the Human Vision and Electronic Imaging XIII Conference titled 'The Art of Non-Photographic Imaging'. It's in the Art, Aesthetics, and Perception session so that means it's a bit more creative than my typical technical papers. Drawing on some recent personal efforts and work, I hope to include some interesting stuff.

Like carved magnolia leaves.


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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Thursday, January 10, 2008 at 2:21:00 PM
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» Color Disharmony


From the web comes an intriguing technical paper in the Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan with the title "A test of the bipolarity hypothesis underlying color harmony and disharmony principle: From the evidence on the degree of individual difference in harmony estimation of color combination" by Atsushi-san and Kaoru-san. The abstract is avialable on-line in English. The following quote is interesting:

"It was found that the magnitude of individual difference in harmony estimation significantly differed depending on the degree of harmony: disharmonious color combinations gave much smaller individual differences than did harmonious color combinations."

My further simplification and generalization of this statement is that we are more likely to agree which colors don't go well together than we are to agree which colors go well together.

Of course without reading the full text of the paper and the experiment this is maybe too much of a generalization but this possible asymmetry seems possible to me. That is I can imagine less disagreement in a room full of designers about which colors don't go well together than I can about which ones go well together. Now I should also note I don't really know that much about the bipolarity of affection but find the idea that "color harmony and color disharmony are not processed in one and the same stage" to be plausible.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Thursday, January 03, 2008 at 6:12:00 PM
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» High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Photographic Survey

Mark FairchildLast August, Prof. Mark D.Fairchild, Professor of Color Science and Director of the Munsell Color Science Laboratory in the Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science at the Rochester Institute of Technology released an image database for research in High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) imaging. This database is called the HDR Photographic Survey.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Thursday, December 13, 2007 at 9:29:00 PM
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» Income level: economists are wrong

In traditional economic models of decision-making, the most important determinant of individual well-being is the absolute level of income. A recent study based on brain activity observed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) proves these models wrong. Indeed, social comparison affects individuals' subjective well-being, and thus behavior.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Monday, December 10, 2007 at 5:18:00 PM
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» Color Zeitgeist and Lexical Clouds

From the on-line color thesaurus we can compile a list of top color name queries, color code them by their corresponding colors and rank them by relative frequency. This gives us a color zeitgeist for November of 2007. In this format it is easy to see that in spite of having hundreds of color names in its vocabulary, the most frequently queried color names are also among the most widely used - specifically red, blue and green are the top three most queried color names for users of the color thesaurus.

mustard
sand
sky blue
leaf
marine blue
spring
medium blue
mid blue
salmon
burnt orange
cerulean
dutch blue
maroon
peach
periwinkle
gold
grandma
gray
grey
indigo
rose
azure
crimson
navy
chartreuse
beige
taupe
ruby red
cherry
turquoise
crimson red
aqua
ochre
rouge
cyan
violet
white
puce
mauve
brown
teal
black
magenta
pink
orange
purple
yellow
green
blue
red

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Tuesday, November 27, 2007 at 3:56:00 PM
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» "Nifty gadget from HP" and other feedback about the On-line Color Thesaurus


Over two weeks ago we posted the on-line color thesaurus to HP's external color blog. It's been interesting to look at how the tool was received, commented on and blogged about. This post tries to capture and organize some of my observations and feedback about the color thesaurus from the web. But first a big thanks to core77 for their most excellent post about the on-line color thesaurus.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Friday, November 16, 2007 at 6:37:00 PM
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» An On-Line Color Thesaurus

Color names are a powerful means of selecting and communicating colors. There are a variety of color vocabularies and dictionaries available but there has been less work in capturing the similiarities and differences in color naming. This post is a tool post in that the online color thesarus is embedded directly in the post.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Monday, October 29, 2007 at 7:46:00 PM
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» Color space dimensionality

Today RocketRoo posted a comment to my short August post on a paper on Multiscale contrast enhancement. Since that is a few months ago, I will reply with a new post.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Monday, October 22, 2007 at 4:35:00 PM
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» Retinoid metabolism in the eye

Our regular reader RocketRoo has recently contributed an interesting comment to the post on non-local realism of last April. A long time has past since then, and as this comment is more of a two-post than a comment, I am taking the liberty to repost it here. This is the second part:

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Wednesday, September 12, 2007 at 5:08:00 PM
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» Selfhood and video collaboration

The sense of being outside of one's physical body (an out-of-body experience) has generally fallen within the realms of neurological dysfunction, either organic or pharmacologically aided, or of paranormal phenomena. The advent of virtual reality has offered a noninvasive and reproducible approach to inducing out-of-body experiences in normal subjects. Head-mounted displays were used to demonstrate that subjects would reliably report the sensation of inhabiting a virtual body, from which vantage point they would be looking at themselves. In addition, they reacted autonomically in response to harm directed at their virtual body and displaced their bodily sense of self toward their doppelganger and away from their physical body.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Tuesday, September 11, 2007 at 5:17:00 PM
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» Limits of visual awareness

When we briefly examine a scene visually, we can pay attention only to one color at a time. However, we can see it in multiple locations.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Friday, August 24, 2007 at 9:00:00 PM
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» Advanced Human Eye Models

New progress in personalized computer eye models to simulate an individual's vision quality using optical and mechanical engineering software.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Thursday, July 26, 2007 at 4:48:00 PM
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» Emotional visual memories

Research at the University of Colorado in Boulder indicates that emotional visual memories can be suppressed.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Monday, July 23, 2007 at 5:04:00 PM
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» Chromatic discomfort

Some interesting new research at the University of Essex in Colchester shows how narrow stripes of complementary colors can induce discomfort.
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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Monday, July 23, 2007 at 3:52:00 PM
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» Recent progress in wet color perception research

Color identification is easy and visual attention is top down.

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Posted by Giordano Beretta or Nathan Moroney on Friday, June 29, 2007 at 7:31:00 PM
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» Movies in our eyes

A month ago jlrevilla commented on my 30 April post on non-local realism with a link to the article the movies in our eyes in the April issue of Scientific American. I am finally following up on jlrevilla's suggestion. Esse